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Visual working memory (vWM) is the cognitive function that enables the temporary maintenance of visual information relevant for a current or pending task. For example, when we assemble a piece of flat-pack furniture we often first look at the manual to take in an image of the part we need, after which we look for the same part in the (hopefully complete) package. By definition, vWM is highly flexible, as it can represent spatial, feature, and object information–representations that can be updated, replaced, recombined or forgotten according to task demands. For example, after having assembled one part of furniture, you forget about it and move on to the next step. Thus, vWM is a core component of what makes human cognition so adaptive and flexible in complex environments. Moreover, vWM research (and related research into visual imagery) provides a window on what we cognition scientists arguably find the most …