- ►endojournals.org JL Evans, ID Goldfine, BA Maddux, GM Grodsky - Endocrine Reviews, 2002 - Endocrine Soc In both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, the late diabetic complications in nerve, vascular
endothelium, and kidney arise from chronic elevations of glucose and possibly other metabolites
including free fatty acids (FFA). Recent evidence suggests that common stress-activated ... Cited by 598 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 18 versions
- ►endojournals.org GF Lewis, A Carpentier, K Adeli, A Giacca - Endocrine reviews, 2002 - Endocrine Soc The primary genetic, environmental, and metabolic factors responsible for causing insulin resistance
and pancreatic ß-cell failure and the precise sequence of events leading to the development
of type 2 diabetes are not yet fully understood. Abnormalities of triglyceride storage and ... Cited by 525 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 6 versions
RP Robertson, J Harmon, PO Tran, Y Tanaka, H … - Diabetes, 2003 - Am Diabetes Assoc Chronic exposure to hyperglycemia can lead to cellular dysfunction that may become irreversible
over time, a process that is termed glucose toxicity. Our perspective about glucose toxicity as
it pertains to the pancreatic β-cell is that the characteristic decreases in insulin synthesis ... Cited by 315 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 10 versions
TJ Wilkin - Diabetologia, 2001 - Springer The definitions need urgent revision. More than half of the patients with Type I diabetes present
in adulthood, when their onset is slow and many do not develop acidosis or require insulin for
many years [1]. Type II diabetes occurs in teenagers [2], some- times with keto-acidosis ... Cited by 240 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 5 versions
RP Robertson - Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2004 - ASBMB Glucose in chronic excess causes toxic effects on structure and function of organs, including
the pancreatic islet. Multiple biochemical pathways and mechanisms of action for glucose toxicity
have been suggested. These include glucose autoxidation, protein kinase C activation, ... Cited by 223 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 6 versions
S Oyadomari, E Araki, M Mori - Apoptosis, 2002 - Springer Apoptotic cell death in pancreatic β -cells is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Signals
from death recep- tors and DNA damage have been widely accepted as be- ing triggers of apoptosis
in β -cells. Recent studies indi- cated that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) can sense and ... Cited by 217 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 4 versions
RP Robertson, J Harmon, POT Tran, V Poitout - Diabetes, 2004 - Am Diabetes Assoc The relentless decline in β-cell function frequently observed in type 2 diabetic patients, despite
optimal drug management, has variously been attributed to glucose toxicity and lipotoxicity. The
former theory posits hyperglycemia, an outcome of the disease, as a secondary force that ... Cited by 202 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 5 versions
K Kannan, SK Jain - Pathophysiology, 2000 - Elsevier Apoptosis or programmed cell death, is essential for the normal functioning and survival of most
multi-cellular organisms. The morphological and biochemical characteristics of apoptosis,
however, are highly conserved during the evolution. It is currently believed that apoptosis ... Cited by 201 - Related articles - All 4 versions
- ►nih.gov S Krauss, CY Zhang, L Scorrano, LT … - Journal of Clinical …, 2003 - Am Soc Clin Investig Failure to secrete adequate amounts of insulin in response to increasing concentrations of glucose
is an important feature of type 2 diabetes. The mechanism for loss of glucose responsiveness
is unknown. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), by virtue of its mitochondrial proton leak ... Cited by 193 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 11 versions
S De Flora, A Izzotti, F D'Agostini, RM Balansky - Carcinogenesis, 2001 - Oxford Univ Press Although smoking cessation is the primary goal for the control of cancer and other smoking-related
diseases, chemoprevention provides a complementary approach applicable to high risk individuals
such as current smokers and ex-smokers. The thiol N-acetylcysteine (NAC) works per se ... Cited by 163 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 6 versions
