- ►diabetesjournals.org RA Kowluru, S Odenbach - Diabetes, 2004 - Am Diabetes Assoc Oxidative stress is increased in the retina in diabetes, and it is considered to play an important
role in the development of retinopathy. α-Lipoic acid, a thiol antioxidant, has been shown to have
beneficial effects on polyneuropathy and on the parameters of oxidative stress in various ... Cited by 74 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 6 versions
DA Allen, MM Yaqoob, SM Harwood - The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 2005 - Elsevier Cellular responses to high glucose are numerous and varied but ultimately result in functional
changes and, often, cell death. High glucose induces oxidative and nitrosative stress in many
cell types causing the generation of species such as superoxide, nitric oxide and ... Cited by 40 - Related articles - All 9 versions
RA Kowluru, S Odenbach - British Journal of Ophthalmology, 2004 - bjo.bmj.com Results: High glucose increased IL-1β expression by 60% compared with cells incubated in
5 mM glucose (p<0.05). Incubation of cells with IL-1β increased NO levels by about 80% and
activated NF-κB by 40%. In the same cells apoptosis was increased by 70% and ... Cited by 36 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 9 versions
- ►iovs.org RA Kowluru, L Atasi, YS Ho - Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2006 - ARVO PURPOSE. Apoptosis of retinal capillary cells is an early event in the pathogenesis of retinopathy
in diabetes, and oxidative stress has been linked to accelerated apoptosis of retinal capillary
cells. Mitochondria are the major endogenous source of superoxide, and superoxide is ... Cited by 34 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 5 versions
- ►iovs.org RA Kowluru, S Odenbach - Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2004 - ARVO RESULTS. The number of TUNEL-positive capillary cells in the retinal microvessels obtained
from normal rats that received intravitreal injection of IL-1ß was increased by more than threefold
and that of acellular capillaries by more than twofold, compared with the microvessels ... Cited by 33 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 3 versions
RA Kowluru, PS Chan - Exp Diabetes Res, 2007 - downloads.hindawi.com Oxygen metabolism is essential for sustaining aerobic life, and normal cellular homeostasis works
on a fine balance between the formation and elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative
stress, a cytopathic consequence of excessive production of ROS and the suppression of ... Cited by 30 - Related articles - View as HTML - All 13 versions
V Kowluru, RA Kowluru - Molecular Vision, 2007 - pubmedcentral.nih.gov Increased superoxide levels are implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. We have
shown that functional activation of a small molecular weight G-protein, H-Ras, is one of the signaling
steps involved in glucose-induced apoptosis of retinal capillary cells. The goal of this ... Cited by 10 - Related articles - All 5 versions
RA Kowluru, A Kowluru, M Kanwar - Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 2007 - Springer We have demonstrated that the expressions of small molecular weight G-protein, H-Ras, and
its effector protein, Raf-1, are increased in the retina in diabetes, and the specific inhibitors of
Ras function inhibit glucose-induced apoptosis of retinal capillary cells. This study is to ... Cited by 7 - Related articles - All 4 versions
SA Madsen-Bouterse, RA Kowluru - Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic …, 2008 - Springer Abstract Retinopathy is one of the most severe ocular complications of diabetes and is a leading
cause of acquired blindness in young adults. The cellular components of the retina are highly
coordinated but very susceptible to the hyperglycemic environment. The microvasculature ... Cited by 6 - Related articles - All 2 versions
IF Benter, MHM Yousif, H Canatan, S Akhtar - Pharmacological Research, 2005 - Elsevier Diabetes causes accelerated vascular dysfunction through mechanisms that are poorly
understood. This study examined the role of Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II
(CaMKII), Ras-GTPase and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) in the ... Cited by 6 - Related articles - All 3 versions
