R Mallone, SA Kochik, EM Laughlin, VH Gersuk, H … - Diabetes, 2004 - Am Diabetes Assoc The activation requirements of autoreactive CD4 + T-cells were investigated in GAD65-specific
HLA-DR0401–restricted clones derived from a diabetic patient using major histocompatibility
complex (MHC) class II tetramers (TMrs) as stimulating agents. Despite the fact that TMrs ... Cited by 22 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 5 versions
BO Roep - Springer seminars in immunopathology, 2002 - Springer Abstract. It has been generally accepted that T cells play a critical role in endocrine autoimmune
diseases. Immunotherapy aimed at T cells usually intervenes in the dis- ease process. Yet, it
has proven very difficult to identify the pathogenic T cells. This is partly caused by lack of ... Cited by 15 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 3 versions
KC Herold - Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America, 2004 - Elsevier The idea of treating type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) with immunosuppressive agents began with
the recognition of this form of diabetes as a chronic autoimmune process [1]. Understanding
of this process has been evolving, and with it, strategies for immune therapy. Unlike ... Cited by 8 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 3 versions
SHS Pearce, NJ Leech - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2004 - Endocrine Soc The practice of medicine is moving from an era of treating disease to disease prevention.
Thus, it is not surprising that the scientific literature is currently filled with studies of organ-specific
autoantibodies as markers of autoimmune endocrine disease. The association of ... Cited by 9 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 4 versions
N Abiru, L Yu, MJ Redondo, GS … - Diabetes Technology & …, 2000 - liebertonline.com O VER THE PAST TWO DECADES , there has been progressive improvement in the predic-
tion of type 1 diabetes with genetic analysis and determination of autoantibodies. 1–4 Assays
for both of these factors are now mainstays of pre- diction either in the general population ... Cited by 10 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 4 versions
Å Lernmark - Autoimmunity, 2004 - informahealthcare.com Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus is associated with numerous immune
abnormalities. The pancreatic beta cells decrease in numbers and volume, and a distinct mode
of progression to severe insulin deficiency occurs that requires insulin substitution ... Cited by 11 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 7 versions
- ►jimmunol.org H Appel, NP Seth, L Gauthier, KW … - The Journal of …, 2001 - Am Assoc Immnol T cells that recognize particular self Ags are thought to be important in the pathogenesis of autoimmune
diseases. In multiple sclerosis, susceptibility is associated with HLA-DR2, which can present
myelin-derived peptides to CD4 + T cells. To generate molecules that target such T cells ... Cited by 36 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 5 versions
M Atkinson, EAM Gale - JAMA, 2003 - Am Med Assoc For diseases that still resist straightforward explanation, the trend has been for 2-dimensional
disease models based on genes and environment to be superseded by dynamic models that
incorporate the element of growth and development. 7-8 In type 1 DM this approach ... Cited by 13 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 3 versions
- ►jimmunol.org S Reichstetter, RA Ettinger, AW Liu, JA Gebe, … - The Journal of …, 2000 - Am Assoc Immnol The polyclonal nature of T cells expanding in an ongoing immune response results in a range
of disparate affinities and activation potential. Recently developed human class II tetramers provide
a means to analyze this diversity by direct characterization of the trimolecular ... Cited by 51 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 10 versions
- ►alaskaclinicaltrials.org [PDF] V Öling, J Marttila, J Ilonen, WW Kwok, G Nepom, M … - Journal of Autoimmunity, 2005 - Elsevier In type 1 diabetes the major loss of insulin producing beta-cells is caused by autoreactive T-cells
specific for antigens expressed by the pancreatic islets. In this study we have analyzed the prevalence
of glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65)- and proinsulin-specific CD4 + T-cells in type 1 ... Cited by 23 - Related articles - All 8 versions
