SN Goodman, JA Berlin - Annals of Internal Medicine, 1994 - Am Coll Physicians Although there is a growing understanding of the importance of statistical power considerations
when designing studies and of the value of confidence intervals when interpreting data, confusion
exists about the reverse arrangement:the role of confidence intervals in study design and ... Cited by 237 - Related articles - All 5 versions
- ►vims.edu [PDF] JM Hoenig, DM Heisey - The American Statistician, 2001 - jstor.org Statistical Practice The Abuse of Power: The Pervasive Fallacy of Power Calculations for Data
Analysis John M. Hoenig and Dennis M. Heisey It is well known that statistical power calculations
can be valuable in planning an experiment. There is also a large lit- erature advocating ... Cited by 329 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 9 versions
AH Smith, MN Bates - Epidemiology, 1992 - jstor.org Frequently, after an epidemiologic study is completed, statis- then known. We present evidence
that post-study power tical power to detect a relative risk of interest is recalculated calculations
have little value and should be replaced by a using data obtained during the course of the ... Cited by 51 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 3 versions
D Moher, CS Dulberg, GA Wells - Jama, 1994 - Am Med Assoc Results.--Twenty-seven percent of the 383 RCTs (n=102) were classified as having negative
results. The number of published RCTs more than doubled from 1975 to 1990, with the proportion
of trials with negative results remaining fairly stable. Of the simple two-group parallel ... Cited by 308 - Related articles - Cached - BL Direct - All 6 versions
M Levine, MHH Ensom - Pharmacotherapy, 2001 - PPI Over the past 30 years, randomized, controlled, clinical trials have become the standard for generating
the best evidence for the efficacy of drug therapy. By the late 1970s, however, it became obvious
that investigators frequently were reporting results of clinical trials in which too few ... Cited by 34 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 3 versions
SN Goodman - Statistics in Medicine, 1992 - interscience.wiley.com It is conventionally thought that a small p-value confers high credibility on the observed alternative
hypothesis, and that a repetition of the same experiment will have a high probability of resulting
again in statistical significance. It is shown that if the observed difference is the true one, ... Cited by 56 - Related articles - All 3 versions
SN Goodman - American Journal of Epidemiology, 1993 - Oxford Univ Press It is not generally appreciated that the p value, as conceived by RA Fisher, is not compatible
with the Neyman-Pearson hypothesis test in which it has become embedded. The p value was
meant to be a flexible inferential measure, whereas the hypothesis test was a rule for ... Cited by 91 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 5 versions
JA Freiman, TC Chalmers, H Smith, RR … - New England Journal of …, 1978 - content.nejm.org Seventy-one "negative" randomized control trials were re-examined to determine if the investigators
had studied large enough samples to give a high probability (greater than 0.90) of detecting
a 25 per cent and 50 per cent therapeutic improvement in the response. Sixty-seven of ... Cited by 581 - Related articles - All 3 versions
BD Zumbo, AM Hubley - The Statistician, 1998 - jstor.org Prospective and Retrospective Power 387 already made a statistical decision. To do this, we
typically refer to the output from a statistical program such as SPSS MANOVA. However, SPSS
MANOVA does not actually calculate the retrospective power. Instead, it reports ... Cited by 47 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 3 versions
KD Young, RJ Lewis - Annals of emergency medicine, 1997 - Elsevier Hypothesis testing and the P value it generates are overemphasized in statistical analyses published
in medical journals. An alternative, the confidence interval (CI), offers significantly more information
to readers interpreting results. There have been many authoritative calls for the report of ... Cited by 28 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 5 versions
