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Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common painful, ulcerative oral inflammatory disorder with unknown aetiology. Immune system and aberrant cytokine cascade deemed to be critical in outbreaks of RAS ulcers. Interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) and IL‐6 are the most potent pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL‐1 and IL‐6 genes can affect the secretion of these cytokines. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between RAS and IL‐6 and IL‐1 in Iranian subjects with minor RAS. Genomic DNA was obtained from 64 Iranian patients with RAS. IL‐1α C −889 T, IL‐1β C −511 T, IL‐1β C +3962 T, IL‐1R C pst‐I 1970 T, IL‐1Ra C Mspa‐I11100 T, IL‐6 C −174 G and IL‐6 A nt +565 G polymorphisms were determined using polymerase chain reaction with sequence‐specific primers (PCR‐SSP). The frequency of C −174 C genotype in the patients group was significantly different …