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Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rheumatologic disease, and fibroblasts are the main cells responsible for SSc pathogenesis. TheBIRC5 gene encodes survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis protein. Studies have suggested a role for survivin overexpression inleading to decreased apoptosis of fibroblasts in SSc patients. This study explored the frequencies of two single nucleotidepolymorphisms (SNPs) in the BIRC5 gene (rs9904341 [G>C] and rs17878467 [C>T]) in SSc patients and evaluated survivingene expression in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients and compared it with that of healthy individuals.The allelic and genotypic frequencies of rs9904341 in 459 SSc patients and 487 healthy controls were assessed. For thers17878467 SNP, the survivin gene in 214 SSc patients and 246 controls was analyzed. Genomic analyses were carried out onDNA samples isolated from whole blood by the phenol-chloroform method. TaqMan rt-PCR was used to investigate the survivingene alleles. Survivin gene expression was also investigated in 53 patients (lSSc = 25, dSSc = 28) and 55 controls by specificprimers for the survivin gene (SYBR Green Real-time PCR method). The allelic and genotypic frequencies of both SNPs showedno significant difference in patients and controls; however, survivin expression level was significantly lower in limited SSc(lSSc) and total SSc patients than in controls. The results suggest that survivin might have a role in the pathogenesis of SSc;however, more research is needed to confirm the relationship.