Staff Discussion Notes showcase the latest policy-related analysis and research being
developed by individual IMF staff and are published to elicit comment and to further debate. …

Since 1998, the staff of the International Monetary Fund has published a classification of
countries' de facto exchange rate arrangements. Experience in operating this classification …

This paper estimates the effectiveness of capital controls in response to inflow surges in
Brazil, Colombia, Korea, and Thailand in the 2000s. Controls are generally associated with a …

This paper provides a summary of the key policies that encourage dedollarization. It focuses
on cases in which the authorities’ intention is to gain greater control of monetary policy and …

Staff Discussion Notes showcase the latest policy-related analysis and research being
developed by individual IMF staff and are published to elicit comment and to further debate. …

Capital flow management measures (CFMs) can be part of the broader policy toolkit to help
countries reap the benefits of capital flows while managing the associated risks. Their …

Since 1998, the staff of the International Monetary Fund has published a classification of
countries' de facto exchange rate arrangements. Experience in operating this classification …

Staff Discussion Notes showcase the latest policy-related analysis and research being
developed by individual IMF staff and are published to elicit comment and to further debate. …

As the COVID-19 pandemic shock unfolds, its magnitude and multi-faceted nature requires
individual economies to consider a broad range of policy interventions. At the same time, the …

With rising financial integration, the magnitude and swings in capital flows have increased
in the past two decades, intensifying the policy debate on how best to deal with these flows. …