Rising fuel subsidies have contributed to fiscal pressures in India. A key policy concern
regarding subsidy reform is the adverse welfare impact on households, in particular poor …

This paper compares debt-for-climate swaps—partial debt relief operations conditional on
debtor commitments to undertake climate-related investments—to alternative fiscal support …

Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) tend to lag those in most other regions in terms of
governance and perceptions of corruption. Weak governance undermines economic …

This paper aims to contribute to the international policy debate around profit shifting, tax
avoidance and SSA’s revenue mobilization efforts in three ways. First, it examines the …

This paper takes stock of the main fiscal risks facing the EAC partner countries. These include
macroeconomic shocks, and specific risks, such as the financial performance of the public …

Covid-19 has exacerbated economic and social vulnerabilities across Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
There is a risk that growth could be lower for longer, with a setback to development. …

Climate and demographic changes are two major long-term trends that are evolving
simultaneously. The global population is aging, while climate change is increasing the frequency …

A growing body of empirical evidence suggests that inequality—income or gender related—can
impede economic growth. Using dynamic panel regressions and new time series data, …

Africa will account for 80 percent of the projected 4 billion increase in the global population
by 2100. The accompanying increase in its working age population creates a window of …

Despite important past reforms, the ageing population of Mauritius threatens the sustainability
of its pension system. This paper examines how pension spending might increase without …