Background No treatment has consistently shown efficacy in slowing disability progression
in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). We assessed the effect of …

Background Although several disease-modifying treatments are available for relapsing multiple
sclerosis, treatment effects have been more modest in progressive multiple sclerosis and …

Background Interferon beta reduces activity in multiple sclerosis as measured clinically and
by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We assessed the effect of interferon beta-1a on the …

Background Currently available treatments for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis(SPMS)
have limited efficacy and/or safety concerns. Adipose-mesenchymal derived stem cells(…

BACKGROUND: Several double-blind placebo-controlled trials of relapsing-remitting multiple
sclerosis have shown beneficial effects of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) on relapse …

Objective To identify promising candidate genes linked to interindividual differences in the
efficacy of interferon beta therapy. Recombinant interferon beta therapy is widely used to …

Objective This double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding phase IIb study evaluated the
efficacy and safety of ponesimod, an oral selective S1P 1 receptor modulator, for the …

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1*1501 has been consistently associated with
multiple sclerosis (MS) in nearly all populations tested. This points to a specific antigen …

Background: IRF5 is a transcription factor involved both in the type I interferon and the toll-like
receptor signalling pathways. Previously, IRF5 has been found to be associated with …

Competitiveness has forced companies to improve the overall performance of the business.
In the area of maintenance, much has been written about strategies, such as total productive …