Executive summary Problem statement 100 years ago, a series of studies about the
education of health professionals, led by the 1910 Flexner report, sparked groundbreaking
reforms. Through integration of modern science into the curricula at university-based …

Summary The Countdown to 2015 for Maternal, Newborn, and Child Survival monitors
coverage of priority interventions to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for
child mortality and maternal health. We reviewed progress between 1990 and 2010 in …

National health systems need strengthening if they are to meet the growing challenge of
chronic diseases in low-income and middle-income countries. By application of an accepted
health-systems framework to the evidence, we report that the factors that limit countries' …

Recent advances in high-throughput technologies have led to the emergence of systems
biology as a holistic science to achieve more precise modeling of complex diseases. Many
predict the emergence of personalized medicine in the near future. We are, however …

Chronic diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and chronic
obstructive respiratory diseases, are neglected globally despite growing awareness of the
serious burden that they cause. Global and national policies have failed to stop, and in many …

The rapid growth of health expenditure has become a great concern for both households
and governments. There is extensive literature on the determinants of health expenditure in
OECD countries, but the same is not true for developing countries. The aim of this study is to …

Many commentators, including WHO, have advocated progress towards universal health
coverage on the grounds that it leads to improvements in population health. In this report we
review the most robust cross-country empirical evidence on the links between expansions in …

Cancer can have profound social and economic consequences for people in India, often
leading to family impoverishment and societal inequity. Reported age-adjusted incidence
rates for cancer are still quite low in the demographically young country. Slightly more than 1 …

After a period of proliferation of disease-specific initiatives, over the past decade and
especially since 2005 many organizations involved in global health have come to direct
attention and resources to the issue of health systems strengthening. We explore how and …

Background Missing data are common in medical research, which can lead to a loss in
statistical power and potentially biased results if not handled appropriately. Multiple
imputation (MI) is a statistical method, widely adopted in practice, for dealing with missing …