This paper presents a new approach via hybrid particle swarm optimization (HPSO) scheme
to solve the unit commitment (UC) problem. HPSO proposed in this paper is a blend of
binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) and real coded particle swarm optimization …

Although the use of weak electrical currents to stimulate the brain has been described for centuries
in the history of medicine, it has been reintroduced with higher intensity currents since 2000 as
'transcranial direct current stimulation' (tDCS).1 It involves passing a weak, depolarising current …

Background: Carefully designed controlled studies are essential in further evaluating the
therapeutic efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in psychiatric disorders. A
major methodological concern is the design of the “sham” control for TMS. An ideal sham …

Background There is a growing interest in extending the use of repetitive transcranial
magnetic stimulation (rTMS) beyond research centres to the widespread clinical treatment of
depression. Thus it is timely to critically review the evidence for the efficacy of rTMS as an …

So far, no comprehensive answer has emerged to the question of whether transcranial direct
current stimulation (tDCS) can make a clinically useful contribution to the treatment of major
depression. We aim to present a systematic review and meta-analysis of tDCS in the …

Two recent sham-controlled studies found that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)
was an effective treatment for depression. As tDCS is painless, relatively safe and
inexpensive, its efficacy in treating depression warrants further investigation. This double …

Background & Aims: The role of clopidogrel in patients at risk for gastrointestinal
complications is uncertain, although it has been recommended for patients who have
gastrointestinal intolerance to aspirin. We tested the hypothesis that clopidogrel is as …

BACKGROUND: There is preliminary evidence that repetitive transcranial magnetic
stimulation (rTMS) may be useful for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD),
but no definitive study has been published, and the effect of laterality of stimulation is …

There is growing interest worldwide in rTMS as a clinical treatment for depression. Apart
from efficacy, its safety as a clinical treatment must be considered before its widespread use
can be advocated. All published, sham-controlled rTMS depression trials were reviewed for …

Background. The efficacy and safety of bilateral prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic
stimulation (rTMS) for treating resistant major depression were examined in a double-blind,
placebo-controlled study. Method. Nineteen medication-resistant depressed subjects were …