▪ Abstract Technical change in the energy sector is central for addressing long-term
environmental issues, including climate change. Most models of energy, economy, and the
environment (E3 models) use exogenous assumptions for this. This is an important …

▪ Abstract Theoretical considerations and empirical data suggest that existing technologies
and procedures can improve indoor environments in a manner that significantly increases
productivity and health. The existing literature contains moderate to strong evidence that …

▪ Abstract The cement industry contributes about 5% to global anthropogenic CO2
emissions, making the cement industry an important sector for CO2-emission mitigation
strategies. CO2 is emitted from the calcination process of limestone, from combustion of …

… Steffen Schlömer Annual Review of Environment and Resources RURAL ENERGY IN
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A Challenge for Economic Development Douglas F. Barnes and
and Willem M. Floor Annual Review of Energy and the Environment Environmental Aspects of …

▪ Abstract It is commonly assumed that biomass fuel cycles based on renewable harvesting
of wood or agricultural wastes are greenhouse-gas (GHG) neutral because the combusted
carbon in the form of CO2 is soon taken up by regrowing vegetation. Thus, the two fifths or …

▪ Abstract Phosphorus has a number of indispensable biochemical roles, but it does not
have a rapid global cycle akin to the circulations of C or N. Natural mobilization of the
element, a part of the grand geotectonic denudation-uplift cycle, is slow, and low solubility of …

▪ Abstract Low environmental damage is one of the main justifications for continued efforts to
reduce energy consumption and to shift to cleaner sources such as solar energy, especially
now that supply security has slipped from public consciousness. In recent years there has …

▪ Abstract Industrial symbiosis, as part of the emerging field of industrial ecology, demands
resolute attention to the flow of materials and energy through local and regional economies.
Industrial symbiosis engages traditionally separate industries in a collective approach to …

▪ Abstract The energy problems of the developing world are both serious and widespread.
Lack of access to sufficient and sustainable supplies of energy affects as much as 90% of
the population of many developing countries. Some 2 billion people are without electricity; a …

▪ Abstract Renewable energy is shifting from the fringe to the mainstream of sustainable
development. Past donor efforts achieved modest results but often were not sustained or
replicated, which leads now to greater market orientation. Markets for rural household …