… for peacekeepers, this article questions the extent to which robust peacekeeping is politically
… the ‘credibility gap’ that the UN faces, its relevance in the light of these problems is dubious. …

… capstone doctrine on peacekeeping argued that ‘while robust peacekeeping involves the …
on peacekeeping reform argued that contrary to enforcement activity, ‘robust peacekeeping …

… and when robust peacekeeping matters, we rely on several extant case studies of peacekeeping
… the UN missions can effectively address these problems. Disaggregate data on UN …

… robustness in UN missions, but phrased it narrowly: "The concept of 'robustness' in UN
peacekeeping … to deter threats to an existing peace process in the face of resistance from spoilers."…

… although the line between ‘robust’ peacekeeping and peace … While robust peacekeeping
involves the use of force at the … multidimensional peacekeeping creates dilemmas for managing …

… debate over the use of 'robust peacekeeping', with particular … other leading contributors to
peacekeeping operations. These … , Kofi Annan was faced with a dilemma about how to replace …

… peacekeepers have been willing to use force to protect civilians and to implement a mandate.
‘Robust peacekeeping’ … are also sectors where the challenges and dilemmas are shared. …

… International interest in further developing African regional peacekeeping capacities remains
strong. In March , the UN Security Council reiterated the importance of assisting AU …

… This does not mean, of course, that absent UN peacekeeping host states would automatically
step up to the protection challenge. Indeed, as we highlighted at the outset, there is strong …

… can shape those dynamics, and we argue that peacekeeping … , and the rebel group has
strong local ethnic ties. We then … , while more robust peacekeeping can both contain violence …