The relationship between intestinal microbiota and the central nervous system in normal gastrointestinal function and disease

SM Collins, P Bercik - Gastroenterology, 2009 - Elsevier
... 29 These results show that commensal bacteria can influence primary afferent nerves
in the gut and serve as an example of a functional relationship between the sensory
component of nervous system and the intestinal microbiota. ...

Mind-altering microorganisms: the impact of the gut microbiota on brain and behaviour

JF Cryan, TG Dinan - Nature reviews neuroscience, 2012 - nature.com
... certain microorganisms, including Lactobacillus spp., are able to convert nitrate to nitric oxide,
which is a potent regulator of both the immune and nervous systems, whereas other ... Elucidating
the mechanisms by which microbiota communicate with the gut–brain axis will be ...

Host-gut microbiota metabolic interactions

JK Nicholson, E Holmes, J Kinross, R Burcelin… - …, 2012 - science.sciencemag.org
... with activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which has an impact on the enteric
nervous system that innervates ... The gut microbiota appears to become more stable throughout
adulthood, although some studies have reported that adolescents have a higher ...

Normal gut microbiota modulates brain development and behavior

RD Heijtz, S Wang, F Anuar, Y Qian… - Proceedings of the …, 2011 - National Acad Sciences
... Synaptophysin is a synaptic vesicle glycoprotein, which is expressed in neuroendocrine cells
and in most neurons in the central nervous system. ... In line with a window of opportunity early in
life, it is plausible that the gut microbiota was able to modulate both synaptophysin and ...

Principles and clinical implications of the brain–gut–enteric microbiota axis

SH Rhee, C Pothoulakis, EA Mayer - Nature Reviews Gastroenterology …, 2009 - nature.com
... Abbreviations: CNS, central nervous system; ECC, enterochromaffin cell. ... Although the effects
of enteric microbiota to host signaling on various gut functions, including motility, secretion and
immune function, have been studied extensively in healthy and diseased states ...

… sensitivity and the expression of the obesity-suppressing neuropeptides proglucagon (Gcg) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) in the central nervous system

E Schéle, L Grahnemo, F Anesten, A Hallén… - …, 2013 - press.endocrine.org
The gut microbiota contributes to fat mass and the susceptibility to obesity. However, the
underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. To investigate whether the gut
microbiota affects hypothalamic and brainstem body fat-regulating circuits, we compared ...

Proinflammatory T-cell responses to gut microbiota promote experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

YK Lee, JS Menezes, Y Umesaki… - Proceedings of the …, 2011 - National Acad Sciences
... These findings reveal that the intestinal microbiota profoundly impacts the balance between pro ...
antiinflammatory immune responses during EAE and suggest that modulation of gut bacteria
may ... inflammatory response in MS is directed to myelin, the protective coating of nerves. ...

The gut microbiota—masters of host development and physiology

F Sommer, F Bäckhed - Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2013 - nature.com
... microbiota also regulates these processes. Specifically, the gut microbiota can
influence the host's nervous system, decreasing synaptic connectivity and promoting
anxiety-like behaviour and pain perception. In the case of host ...

[HTML][HTML] Gut microbiota in health and disease

I Sekirov, SL Russell, LCM Antunes… - Physiological …, 2010 - Am Physiological Soc

Human gut microbiota in obesity and after gastric bypass

H Zhang, JK DiBaise, A Zuccolo… - Proceedings of the …, 2009 - National Acad Sciences
... reduced physical activity, surely contributes to the high prevalence of obesity, the existence of
complex systems that regulate energy balance requires that this paradigm be considered in a
larger context (1). In particular, recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiota may play ...

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