Clinical signs caused by the use of electric training collars on dogs in everyday life situations

E Schalke, J Stichnoth, S Ott, R Jones-Baade - Applied Animal Behaviour …, 2007 - Elsevier
The use of electric shock collars for training dogs is the subject of considerable controversy.
Supporters claim that they are a reliable means of eliminating self-rewarding behaviour and
that they can be used over greater distances and with less risk of stress and injury than
mechanical devices, such as choke chains. Opponents cite the risk of incorrect or abusive
use and temptation to use electric training collars without thought or time given to alternative
training methods, regardless of the fact that their use may be associated with pain and fear …