[PDF][PDF] Design and construction of highway underpasses used by mountain goats

FJ Singer, WL Langlitz… - Transportation Research …, 1985 - onlinepubs.trb.org
FJ Singer, WL Langlitz, EC Samuelson
Transportation Research Record, 1985onlinepubs.trb.org
ABSTRACT US-2 was reconstructed in Glacier National Park, Montana, past a natural
mineral lick and cros: sing!'! r':'1'rPgnlarly used by mountain qoats IOreamnos americanus).
A bridge was built over the highway as an underpass for goats (underpass dimensions= 12
to 28 ft high x 90 ft wide x 44 ft through). A second bridge over a stream crossing located 200
ft to the east was improved for mountain qoat underpassages. Cyclone fencing 8 ft high and
reinforced earth walls 8 to 24 ft high forced goats to use the bridges in a 500-ft crossing …
Abstract
US-2 was reconstructed in Glacier National Park, Montana, past a natural mineral lick and cros: sing!'! r':'1'rPgnlarly used by mountain qoats IOreamnos americanus). A bridge was built over the highway as an underpass for goats (underpass dimensions= 12 to 28 ft high x 90 ft wide x 44 ft through). A second bridge over a stream crossing located 200 ft to the east was improved for mountain qoat underpassages. Cyclone fencing 8 ft high and reinforced earth walls 8 to 24 ft high forced goats to use the bridges in a 500-ft crossing zone. Most crossing goats (99. 4 percent) used the two bridges. Mountain goats were disturbed less after the bridges were built. Goats extended their season of visits to the lick into fall and winter, and individual goats douhled their number of lick visits per year after the bridges were built.
US-2 enters the southern tip of Glacier National PArk for 3.6 miles from Walton to Nimrod. The highway through this steep, narrow canyon was sinuous, steep, and prone to more accidents and winter snow removal problems than adjacent sections (1)• Adj acent sections of US-2 were reconstructed and widened in 1967, further contributing to a speed bottleneck in the Walton-Nimrod section. Before highway construction in 1980-1981, a population of approximately 95 to 120 mountain goats (O. reamnos americanus) from Glacier National Park and 20 to 45 from the adjacent Flathead National Forest crossed us-2 in this area to visit a natural mineral lick (2). Highway crossings occurred primarily from April to August of each year. Goat mortality was low, apparently because of slow vehicle speeds (25 mph) past the 500-ft long goat crossing zone. However, 13 near hits of goats by vehicles were ohserved in 1975, and increased goat mortality was predicted should highway speeds substantially in-
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