Samples of clean, fine sand saturated with a sodium silicate grout (mix sample No. 7) were prepared and cured in a moist room for 35 days. Four types of tests were performed on identical samples to investigate their elastic and viscoelastic behavior. Results indicate that the isotropic, linear-elastic constitutive law provides a reasonable approximation for characterizing the chemically stabilized fine sand under moving load. Furthermore, for applied vertical stress levels of less than 50 percent, the mixture may be treated as a linear-viscoelastic medium for computing time-dependent deformation under sustained loading.

Although chemical grouting has traditionally been used to form cutoff barriers for seepage control, injected chemical grout in many instances solidifies within the soil matrix to form a treated soil mass considerably different from its original material. Warner (12) concluded that a significant increase in strength can be achieved if desirable chemical grouts are used. These grouts should generally provide rigid gels and longer gel time. Inasmuch as construction activities in the Arctic and subarctic region have increased in recent years, more attention has been directed toward frost heave and spring thaw of soil masses, which can detrimentally affect engineering structures such as highway subgrade, earth embankment, and supporting pedestal of pipelines. The use of chemical grouts to fill the soil voids, thus preventing moisture migration and formation of ice lenses in the soil mass, is considered a possible solution to these problems (1, 11). The introduction of chemfoaf" grouts into a soil matl'ix by either injection or mixing affects the mechanical behavior of the soil. It is therefore important that the load-deformation characteristics of the chemically stabilized soil be properly determined for the design and construction of any structures founded on chemically stabilized soil masses.