For areas of Ontario with significant frost penetration (more than 1.5 m) and frost-susceptible soils (silty sands to clayey silts) in the presence of moisture, significant pavement damage can result from both frost heaving and subsequent spring breakup. This frost-related flexible pavement damage is particularly acute in areas of variable soil and groundwater conditions. This is especially true with shallow, rapidly changing depths to bedrock that" trap" pockets of poor soils. The observation of pavement distresses in such circumstances, and experience with cost-effective frost action mitigation, is valuable in developing geotechnical evaluation techniques and practical pavement designs for such areas. The principal distress of severe wheelpath alligator cracking, its associated deformations, and residual frost heave are related to poor drainage (high groundwater or lack of drainage provisions) and poor loadcarrying characteristics and frost susceptibility of silty subgrades. Nonuniform pavement structure and subgrade support conditions because of utility installations also contribute to distress. Removing the frost-susceptible subsoils and replacing them with granular material and better drainage will eliminate most frost-related movements. But this is generally too costly. A less costly and fairly effective frost action mitigation approach, if properly constructed with approved materials, is the use of full or partial granular frost tapers in conjunction with deep drainage (typically in conjunction with utility installation in urban areas) or insulation using extruded expanded polystyrene. Overall examples of this approach from actual in-service pavements in the Muskokas area of north-central Ontario are presented.