Here we describe an ultra-low-cost origami-based approach for large-scale manufacturing
of microscopes, specifically demonstrating brightfield, darkfield, and fluorescence
microscopes. Merging principles of optical design with origami enables high-volume
fabrication of microscopes from 2D media. Flexure mechanisms created via folding enable a
flat compact design. Structural loops in folded paper provide kinematic constraints as a
means for passive self-alignment. This light, rugged instrument can survive harsh field …