This study analyzes trends in freight transport, energy use, and greenhouse gas emissions in Spain from 1990 to 2007. Freight transport contributes 8.5% of Spain's greenhouse gas emissions. The emissions have experienced a 68% increase from 1990, which is 53% above the level that Spain committed to under the Kyoto Protocol; road freight made up most of the increase. Energy use will continue to grow unless there are important reductions in the energy intensities of road freight and a change in the modal share. On the basis of the most likely development of these factors, emissions will rise an additional 53% by 2025 and thereby push the sector 167% above the 1990 base year values. Emissions could be reduced 3.3% by 2025 compared with the 2007 level if the average performance of road diesel vehicles in 2025 shows a 55% increase in efficiency.