Recent accumulating evidence suggests that the human immune system possesses a
variety of innate receptors that recognize, distinguish, and respond to viral infections and to
vaccination. These include Toll-like receptors, C-type lectin receptors, RIG-I-like receptors,
Nod-like receptors and possibly AIM2-like receptors. However, the precise mechanisms by
which these receptors exert their critical roles in the induction of virus-specific adaptive
immune responses have not been fully elucidated. In this review, we discuss recent …