It is in terms of this very point that Dr Barth's' contribution stands out for he knows quite well what he means by the Church: it is the'living'congregation'chosen'by Christ in the Spirit as a witness to his victory. The criterion ot unity is the'event'of'gathering', a criterion which can be applied to either the ordinary congregation or the synodical or special one. This at least is clear, and its influence can be seen in all the Reformed contributions, but a careful study of the less logical studies serves to show that it is an illusory clarity. Bishop Aulen, Dr Craig and Fr Florovsky drg, w attention to blocks of Scriptural data which will not fit into the Procrustean theology of Dr Barth. From the newspaper point of view the high spot of Amsterdam was the clash of opinion between Mr Dulles and Dr Hromadka. Each states his case in the iourth volume. Mr Dulles presents a clear, fair and slightly tedious account of Christian responsibility in terms of a modified liberalism, while Dr Hromadka argues that the'new historical situation'which has arisen in Eastern Europe demands a recasting of method and theory. It must not be thought that Dr Hromadka is a mere tool of the Soviet. His essay shows him to be a sincere and not unintelligent thinker. He has seen, as Mr Dulles has not, that a new culture form has arisen, and that the old tradition is disintegrating-the criticism which can with justice be levelled against him is one of romantic naiveté: a mood which the singularly unromantic theory and practice of the Marxist seems to engender in the Western trained intellectual. In spite, however, of the critical attitude they are forced to adopt on many points, Catholics are at one with the men of Amsterdam in their realisation that Christ alone çan feed the people and that it is in him alone that the spiritual centre is found. That Christendom is being judged for failure and omission is a profound truth. The Providence of God is a judgment, and if we have forgotten, in our pre-occupation with secular or secondary issues, the new man of the Industrial Revolution, we are judged in that he has inherited the earth and the mess of pottage has been snatched from our hands. But it is a judgment that bears with it redemption for willy-nilly over half Europe the Church is left with nothing-nothing save the faith of the apostles and the words of Christ. It is futile to waste time on bewailing the past, the events of history are irrevocable and the present that is upon us is moulded after their form.