Changes in trade patterns and consequent demand for transportation are continuing to
change in the Central Asian Republics (CAR). Since independence, these nations have
formulated and implemented basic strategies to improve transportation and meet changing
demand characteristics. International financial institutions have supported these efforts
through various lending and nonlending programs. However, the next level of changes in
policies, legislation, and management practices to achieve greater efficiency are costlier and …

Changes in trade patterns and consequent demand for transportation are continuing to
change in the Central Asian Republics (CARs). Since independence, the CARs have
formulated and implemented the basic strategies to improve the supply of transportation and
meet the changing characteristics of demand. International financial institutions (IFIs) have
supported these efforts through various lending and non-lending programs. However, the
next level of changes in policies, legislation, and management practices needed to achieve …