Structural steel shapes and tubes can be used with concrete to produce structural
components. The performance of such composite systems, is better than the sum of
responses of the parts taken separately. In a concrete-filled steel tube caisson, for example,
the steel casing resists flexural tension efficiently while confining the concrete core as the
core resists axial compression, whereas it also stabilizes the steel casing. Concrete
encasement of structural steel shapes can provide lateral stability to the steel shape …

A composite column is any concrete column reinforced with steel other than reinforcing bars,
and can be regarded as a natural development of the original reinforced concrete column.
Since rigid or semi-rigid framing is a characteristic of most systems that contain structural
concrete, this chapter treats composite columns as if each were in fact a beam-column.
Methods for evaluating cross-section thrust and flexural strength are described. Biaxially
eccentric thrust is discussed. Shear strength estimates are suggested, and techniques for …