The current state of operational practice in intercity travel demand modeling was critically reviewed. Conventional model structures and specifications as well as a range of theoretical and practical problems with current models were studied. These included problems with the total demand model specification, modeling intercity mode choice with nested logit models, modeling access and egress trips to and from common carrier line-haul modes, forecasting the demand for new modes of travel, dealing with highway congestion, aggregation issues in intercity models, and data collection issues. The study concluded with some suggestions about promising research and development directions for model improvement.