A substantial proportion of children and adolescents come to suffer from psychological
disorders. This article focuses on the temperament factors that are involved in the
pathogenesis of child psychopathology. It is argued that besides the reactive temperament
factor of emotionality/neuroticism, the regulative process of effortful control also plays an
important role in the etiology and maintenance of internalizing and externalizing problems in
youths. More specifically, vulnerability to child psychopathology is determined by a …