Thermal hardening: a new seed vigor enhancement tool in rice

M Farooq, SMA Basra, N Ahmad… - Journal of Integrative …, 2005 - Wiley Online Library
In a laboratory study, indica and japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) seeds were exposed to
thermal hardening (heating followed by chilling followed by heating; chilling followed by
heating followed by chilling; heating followed by chilling or chilling followed by heating). In
indica rice, heating followed by chilling followed by heating resulted in decreased mean
germination time, time to start germination, electrical conductivity of seed leachates, and
time to 50% germination, as well as increased germination index, energy of germination …