Earth roads will continue to form an important portion of the local road network in Egypt. The objective of the proposed study was to provide an index for road assessment and to develop a cost model in which associated repair costs could be determined. Decision making at the network level is concerned with the selection of individual sections of road for maintenance in accordance with the availability of funds and, therefore, a matter of the assignment of priorities related to needs. For an effective maintenance program, a specified data element about the road conditions is required. Information that can be directly used in maintenance management systems must be provided. The most important step, however, is operation of its own condition assessment subsystem. The cost of periodic and routine maintenance required to renew road sections was calculated. The relation between road condition and repair cost was quantified. Also, the results indicated that environmental factors had a significant effect on road condition and, consequently, on maintenance and repair costs.